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GNU Info File | 1990-02-21 | 23.9 KB | 669 lines

This is a copy of one node from the Info file gcc.info-2. For full information on installing and porting GCC, refer to the GCC manual: Info file gcc.info TeX output gcc.dvi TeX source gcc.texinfo Installing GNU CC ***************** Here is the procedure for installing GNU CC on a Unix system. * Menu: * Other Dir:: Compiling in a separate directory (not where the source is). * Sun Install:: See below for installation on the Sun. * 3B1 Install:: See below for installation on the 3B1. * VMS Install:: See below for installation on VMS. * HPUX Install:: See below for installation on HPUX. 1. Edit `Makefile'. If you are using HPUX, or any form of system V, you must make a few changes described in comments at the beginning of the file. Genix requires changes also, and so does the Pyramid. 2. On a Sequent system, go to the Berkeley universe. 3. Choose configuration files. The easy way to do this is to run the command file `config.gcc' with a single argument, which specifies the type of machine (and in some cases which operating system). Here is a list of the possible arguments: `vax' Vaxes running BSD. `vms' Vaxes running VMS. `vax-sysv' Vaxes running system V. `i386-sysv' Intel 386 PCs running system V. `i386-sysv-gas' Intel 386 PCs running system V, using the GNU assembler and GNU linker. `sequent-i386' Sequent with Intel 386 processors. `i386-aix' Intel 386 PCs or PS/2s running AIX. `sun2' Sun 2 running system version 2 or 3. `sun3' Sun 3 running system version 2 or 3, with 68881. Note there we do not provide a configuration file to use an FPA by default, because programs that establish signal handlers for floating point traps inherently cannot work with the FPA. `sun3-nfp' Sun 3 running system version 2 or 3, without 68881. `sun4' Sun 4 running system version 2 or 3. *Note Incompatibilities::, for calling convention incompatibilities on the Sun 4 (sparc). `sun2-os4' Sun 2 running system version 4. `sun3-os4' Sun 3 running system version 4, with 68881. `sun3-nfp-os4' Sun 3 running system version 4, without 68881. `sun4-os4' Sun 4 running system version 4. *Note Incompatibilities::, for calling convention incompatibilities on the Sun 4 (sparc). `sun386' Sun 386 (``roadrunner''). `alliant' Alliant FX/8 computer. Note that the standard installed C compiler in Concentrix 5.0 has a bug which prevent it from compiling GNU CC correctly. You can patch the compiler bug as follows: cp /bin/pcc ./pcc adb -w ./pcc - << EOF 15f6?w 6610 EOF Then you must use the `-ip12' option when compiling GNU CC with the patched compiler, as shown here: make CC="./pcc -ip12" CFLAGS=-w Note also that Alliant's version of DBX does not manage to work with the output from GNU CC. `tahoe' The tahoe computer (running BSD, and using DBX). `decstation' The DEC 3100 Mips machine (``pmax''). Note that GNU CC cannot generate debugging information in the unusual format used on the Mips. `mips-sysv' The Mips computer, RS series, with the System V environment as default. Note that GNU CC cannot generate debugging information in the unusual format used on the Mips. `mips-bsd43' The Mips computer, RS series, with the BSD 4.3 environment as default. Note that GNU CC cannot generate debugging information in the unusual format used on the Mips. `mips' The Mips computer, M series. Note that GNU CC cannot generate debugging information in the unusual format used on the Mips. `iris' The Mips computer, as delivered by Iris. Note that GNU CC cannot generate debugging information in the unusual format used on the Mips. `convex-c1' Convex C1 computer. `convex-c2' Convex C2 computer. `pyramid' Pyramid computer. `hp9k320' HP 9000 series 300 using HPUX assembler. Note there is no support in GNU CC for HP's debugger; thus, `-g' is not available in this configuration. `hp9k320-gas' HP 9000 series 300 using GNU assembler, linker and debugger. This requires the HP-adapt package, which is available along with the GNU linker as part of the ``binutils'' distribution. This is on the GNU CC distribution tape. `hp9k320-old' HP 9000 series 300 using HPUX assembler, in operating system versions older than 6.5. Note there is no support in GNU CC for HP's debugger; thus, `-g' is not available in this configuration. `hp9k320-bsd' HP 9000 series 300 running BSD. `isi68' ISI 68000 or 68020 system with a 68881. `isi68-nfp' ISI 68000 or 68020 system without a 68881. `news800' Sony NEWS 68020 system. `next' NeXT system. `altos' Altos 3068. Note that you must use the GNU assembler, linker and debugger, with COFF-encapsulation. Also, you must fix a kernel bug. Details in the file `ALTOS-README'. `3b1' AT&T 3b1, a.k.a. 7300 PC. Note that special procedures are needed to compile GNU CC with this machine's standard C compiler, due to bugs in that compiler. *Note 3b1 Install::. You can bootstrap it more easily with previous versions of GNU CC if you have them. `3b1-gas' AT&T 3b1 using the GNU assembler. `sequent-ns32k' Sequent containing ns32000 processors. `encore' Encore ns32000 system. `genix' National Semiconductor ns32000 system. `88000' Motorola 88000 processor. This port is not finished. Here we spell out what files need to be set up: * Make a symbolic link named `config.h' to the top-level config file for the machine you are using (*note Config::.). This file is responsible for defining information about the host machine. It includes `tm.h'. The file is located in the subdirectory `config'. Its name should be `xm-MACHINE.h', with these exceptions: `xm-vms.h' for vaxen running VMS. `xm-vaxv.h' for vaxen running system V. `xm-i386v.h' for Intel 80386's running system V. `xm-sun386i.h' for Sun roadrunner running any version of the operating system. `xm-hp9k320.h' for the HP 9000 series 300. `xm-genix.h' for the ns32000 running Genix If your system does not support symbolic links, you might want to set up `config.h' to contain a `#include' command which refers to the appropriate file. * Make a symbolic link named `tm.h' to the machine-description macro file for your machine. It should be in the subdirectory `config' and its name should be `tm-MACHINE.h'. If your system is a 68000, don't use the file `tm-m68k.h' directly. Instead, use one of these files: `tm-sun3.h' for Sun 3 machines with 68881. `tm-sun3-nfp.h' for Sun 3 machines with no hardware floating point. `tm-sun3os3.h' for Sun 3 machines with 68881, running Sunos version 3. `tm-sun3os3nf.h' for Sun 3 machines with no hardware floating point, running Sunos version 3. `tm-sun2.h' for Sun 2 machines. `tm-3b1.h' for AT&T 3b1 (aka 7300 Unix PC). `tm-isi68.h' for Integrated Solutions systems. This file assumes you use the GNU assembler. `tm-isi68-nfp.h' for Integrated Solutions systems without a 68881. This file assumes you use the GNU assembler. `tm-news800.h' for Sony NEWS systems. `tm-hp9k320.h' for HPUX systems, if you are using GNU CC with the system's assembler and linker. `tm-hp9k320g.h' for HPUX systems, if you are using the GNU assembler, linker and other utilities. Not all of the pieces of GNU software needed for this mode of operation are as yet in distribution; full instructions will appear here in the future. For the vax, use `tm-vax.h' on BSD Unix, `tm-vaxv.h' on system V, or `tm-vms.h' on VMS. For the Motorola 88000, use `tm-m88k.h'. The support for the 88000 does not currently work; it requires extensive changes which we hope to reconcile in version 2. For the 80386, don't use `tm-i386.h' directly. Use `tm-i386v.h' if the target machine is running system V, `tm-i386gas.h' if it is running system V but you are using the GNU assembler and linker, `tm-seq386.h' for a Sequent 386 system, or `tm-compaq.h' for a Compaq, or `tm-sun386i.h' for a Sun 386 system. For the Mips computer, there are five choices: `tm-mips.h' for the M series, `tm-mips-bsd.h' for the RS series with BSD, `tm-mips-sysv.h' for the RS series with System V, `tm-iris.h' for the Iris version of the machine, and `tm-decstatn.h' for the Decstation. For the 32000, use `tm-sequent.h' if you are using a Sequent machine, or `tm-encore.h' for an Encore machine, or `tm-genix.h' if you are using Genix version 3; otherwise, perhaps `tm-ns32k.h' will work for you. Note that Genix has bugs in `alloca' and `malloc'; you must get the compiled versions of these from GNU Emacs and edit GNU CC's `Makefile' to use them. Note that Encore systems are supported only under BSD. For Sparc (Sun 4) machines, use `tm-sparc.h' with operating system version 4, and `tm-sun4os3.h' with system version 3. * Make a symbolic link named `md' to the machine description pattern file. It should be in the `config' subdirectory and its name should be `MACHINE.md'; but MACHINE is often not the same as the name used in the `tm.h' file because the `md' files are more general. * Make a symbolic link named `aux-output.c' to the output subroutine file for your machine. It should be in the `config' subdirectory and its name should be `out-MACHINE.c'. 4. Make sure the Bison parser generator is installed. (This is unnecessary if the Bison output files `c-parse.tab.c' and `cexp.c' are more recent than `c-parse.y' and `cexp.y' and you do not plan to change the `.y' files.) Bison versions older than Sept 8, 1988 will produce incorrect output for `c-parse.tab.c'. 5. Build the compiler. Just type `make' in the compiler directory. Ignore any warnings you may see about ``statement not reached'' in the `insn-emit.c'; they are normal. Any other compilation errors may represent bugs in the port to your machine or operating system, and should be investigated and reported (*note Bugs::.). Some commercial compilers fail to compile GNU CC because they have bugs or limitations. For example, the Microsoft compiler is said to run out of macro space. Some Ultrix compilers run out of expression space; then you need to break up the statement where the problem happens. 6. If you are using COFF-encapsulation, you must convert `gnulib' to a GNU-format library at this point. See the file `README-ENCAP' in the directory containing the GNU binary file utilities, for directions. 7. Move the first-stage object files and executables into a subdirectory with this command: make stage1 The files are moved into a subdirectory named `stage1'. Once installation is complete, you may wish to delete these files with `rm -r stage1'. 8. Recompile the compiler with itself, with this command: make CC=stage1/gcc CFLAGS="-g -O -Bstage1/" On a 68000 or 68020 system lacking floating point hardware, unless you have selected a `tm.h' file that expects by default that there is no such hardware, do this instead: make CC=stage1/gcc CFLAGS="-g -O -Bstage1/ -msoft-float" 9. If you wish to test the compiler by compiling it with itself one more time, do this (in C shell): make stage2 make CC=stage2/gcc CFLAGS="-g -O -Bstage2/" foreach file (*.o) cmp $file stage2/$file end Aside from the `-B' option, the options should be the same as when you made stage 2. The `foreach' command (written in C shell) will notify you if any of these stage 3 object files differs from those of stage 2. On BSD systems, any difference, no matter how innocuous, indicates that the stage 2 compiler has compiled GNU CC incorrectly, and is therefore a potentially serious bug which you should investigate and report (*note Bugs::.). On systems that use COFF object files, bytes 5 to 8 will always be different, since it is a timestamp. On these systems, you can do the comparison as follows (in Bourne shell): for file in *.o; do echo $file tail +10 $file > foo1 tail +10 stage2/$file > foo2 cmp foo1 foo2 done 10. Install the compiler driver, the compiler's passes and run-time support. You can use the following command: make install This copies the files `cc1', `cpp' and `gnulib' to files `gcc-cc1', `gcc-cpp' and `gcc-gnulib' in directory `/usr/local/lib', which is where the compiler driver program looks for them. It also copies the driver program `gcc' into the directory `/usr/local/bin', so that it appears in typical execution search paths. *Warning: there is a bug in `alloca' in the Sun library. To avoid this bug, install the binaries of GNU CC that were compiled by GNU CC. They use `alloca' as a built-in function and never the one in the library.* *Warning: the GNU CPP may not work for `ioctl.h', `ttychars.h' and other system header files unless the `-traditional' option is used.* The bug is in the header files: at least on some machines, they rely on behavior that is incompatible with ANSI C. This behavior consists of substituting for macro argument names when they appear inside of character constants. The `-traditional' option tells GNU CC to behave the way these headers expect. Because of this problem, you might prefer to configure GNU CC to use the system's own C preprocessor. To do so, make the file `/usr/local/lib/gcc-cpp' a link to `/lib/cpp'. Alternatively, on Sun systems and 4.3BSD at least, you can correct the include files by running the shell script `fixincludes'. This installs modified, corrected copies of the files `ioctl.h', `ttychars.h' and many others, in a special directory where only GNU CC will normally look for them. This script will work on various systems because it chooses the files by searching all the system headers for the problem cases that we know about. If you cannot install the compiler's passes and run-time support in `/usr/local/lib', you can alternatively use the `-B' option to specify a prefix by which they may be found. The compiler concatenates the prefix with the names `cpp', `cc1' and `gnulib'. Thus, you can put the files in a directory `/usr/foo/gcc' and specify `-B/usr/foo/gcc/' when you run GNU CC. Also, you can specify an alternative default directory for these files by setting the Make variable `libdir' when you make GNU CC. File: gcc.info, Node: Other Dir, Next: Sun Install, Prev: Installation, Up: Installation Compilation in a Separate Directory =================================== If you wish to build the object files and executables in a directory other than the one containing the source files, here is what you must do differently: 1. Go to that directory before running `config.gcc': mkdir gcc-sun3 cd gcc-sun3 On systems that do not support symbolic links, this directory must be on the same file system as the source code directory. 2. Specify where to find `config.gcc' when you run it: ../gcc-1.36/config.gcc ... 3. Specify where to find the sources, as an argument to `config.gcc': ../gcc-1.36/config.gcc -srcdir=../gcc-1.36 sun3 The `-srcdir=DIR' option is not needed when the source directory is the parent of the current directory, because `config.gcc' detects that case automatically. Now, you can run `make' in that directory. You need not repeat the configuration steps shown above, when ordinary source files change. You must, however, run `config.gcc' again when the configuration files change, if your system does not support symbolic links. File: gcc.info, Node: Sun Install, Next: 3b1 Install, Prev: Other Dir, Up: Installation Installing GNU CC on the Sun ============================ Make sure the environment variable `FLOAT_OPTION' is not set when you compile `gnulib'. If this option were set to `f68881' when `gnulib' is compiled, the resulting code would demand to be linked with a special startup file and would not link properly without special pains. There is a bug in `alloca' in certain versions of the Sun library. To avoid this bug, install the binaries of GNU CC that were compiled by GNU CC. They use `alloca' as a built-in function and never the one in the library. Some versions of the Sun compiler crash when compiling GNU CC. The problem is a segmentation fault in cpp. This problem seems to be due to the bulk of data in the environment variables. You may be able to avoid it by using the following command to compile GNU CC with Sun CC: make CC="TERMCAP=x OBJS=x LIBFUNCS=x STAGESTUFF=x cc" File: gcc.info, Node: 3b1 Install, Next: VMS Install, Prev: Sun Install, Up: Installation Installing GNU CC on the 3b1 ============================ Installing GNU CC on the 3b1 is difficult if you do not already have GNU CC running, due to bugs in the installed C compiler. However, the following procedure might work. We are unable to test it. 1. Comment out the `#include "config.h"' line on line 37 of `cccp.c' and do `make cpp'. This makes a preliminary version of GNU cpp. 2. Save the old `/lib/cpp' and copy the preliminary GNU cpp to that file name. 3. Undo your change in `cccp.c', or reinstall the original version, and do `make cpp' again. 4. Copy this final version of GNU cpp into `/lib/cpp'. 5. Replace every occurrence of `obstack_free' in `tree.c' with `_obstack_free'. 6. Run `make' to get the first-stage GNU CC. 7. Reinstall the original version of `/lib/cpp'. 8. Now you can compile GNU CC with itself and install it in the normal fashion. If you have installed an earlier version of GCC, you can compile the newer version with that. However, you will run into trouble compiling `gnulib', since that is normally compiled with CC. To solve the problem, uncomment this line in `Makefile': CCLIBFLAGS = -B/usr/local/lib/gcc- -tp -Wp,-traditional File: gcc.info, Node: VMS Install, Next: HPUX Install, Prev: 3B1 Install, Up: Installation Installing GNU CC on VMS ======================== The VMS version of GNU CC is distributed in a backup saveset containing both source code and precompiled binaries. To install the `gcc' command so you can use the compiler easily, in the same manner as you use the VMS C compiler, you must install the VMS CLD file for GNU CC as follows: 1. Define the VMS logical names `GNU_CC' and `GNU_CC_INCLUDE' to point to the directories where the GNU CC executables (`gcc-cpp', `gcc-cc1', etc.) and the C include files are kept. This should be done with the commands: $ assign /super /system disk:[gcc.] gnu_cc $ assign /super /system disk:[gcc.include.] gnu_cc_include with the appropriate disk and directory names. These commands can be placed in your system startup file so they will be executed whenever the machine is rebooted. You may, if you choose, do this via the `GCC_INSTALL.COM' script in the `[GCC]' directory. 2. Install the `GCC' command with the command line: $ set command /table=sys$library:dcltables gnu_cc:[000000]gcc 3. To install the help file, do the following: $ lib/help sys$library:helplib.hlb gcc.hlp Now you can invoke the compiler with a command like `gcc /verbose file.c', which is equivalent to the command `gcc -v -c file.c' in Unix. We try to put corresponding binaries and sources on the VMS distribution tape. But sometimes the binaries will be from an older version that the sources, because we don't always have time to update them. (Use the `/verbose' option to determine the version number of the binaries and compare it with the source file `version.c' to tell whether this is so.) In this case, you should use the binaries you get to recompile the sources. If you must recompile, here is how: 1. Copy the file `tm-vms.h' to `tm.h', `xm-vms.h' to `config.h', `vax.md' to `md.' and `out-vax.c' to `aux-output.c'. The files to be copied are found in the subdirectory named `config'; they should be copied to the main directory of GNU CC. 2. Setup the logical names and command tables as defined above. In addition, define the vms logical name `GNU_BISON' to point at the to the directories where the Bison executable is kept. This should be done with the command: $ assign /super /system disk:[bison.] gnu_bison You may, if you choose, use the `INSTALL_BISON.COM' script in the `[BISON]' directory. 3. Install the `BISON' command with the command line: $ set command /table=sys$library:dcltables gnu_bison:[000000]bison 4. Type `@make' to do recompile everything. If you are compiling with a version of GNU CC older than 1.33, specify `/DEFINE=("inline=")' as an option in all the compilations. This requires editing all the `gcc' commands in `make-cc1.com'. (The older versions had problems supporting `inline'.) Once you have a working 1.33 or newer GNU CC, you can change this file back. There is a known problem on VMS: `const' global variables don't work compatibly with the VMS C compiler; we don't know a way to get them to the linker properly. Note that GNU CC on VMS does not generate debugging information to describe the program's symbols. It is not straightforward to implement this, and we have no time to spend on it, but we might consent to install a very modular implementation if you write it. You will probably have to modify GAS as well as GNU CC. File: gcc.info, Node: HPUX Install, Prev: VMS Install, Up: Installation Installing GNU CC on HPUX ========================= To install GNU CC on HPUX, you must start by editing the file `Makefile'. Search for the string `HPUX' to find comments saying what to change. You need to change some variable definitions and (if you are using GAS) some lines in the rule for the target `gnulib'. To compile with the HPUX C compiler, you must specify get the file `alloca.c' from GNU Emacs. Then, when you run `make', use this argument: make ALLOCA=alloca.o When recompiling GNU CC with itself, do not define `ALLOCA'. Instead, an `-I' option needs to be added to `CFLAGS' as follows: make CC=stage1/gcc CFLAGS="-g -O -Bstage1/ -I../binutils/hp-include"